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| Babies lip reading |
By:
Curtis Moore |
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New borns don't learn to really talk just from hearing sounds. New medical studies suggests they're lip-readers also.
It occurs at the time of that magical stage when a baby's babbling little by little develops from gibberish into syllables and eventually into that very first "mama" or "dada."
Florida scientists discovered that starting around age six months, babies begin shifting from the intent eye gaze of early infancy to looking at mouths each time people talk to them.
"The baby in order to imitate you has to figure out how to shape their lips to make that particular sound they're hearing," explains developmental psychologist David Lewkowicz of Florida Atlantic University, who led the study being published Monday. "It's an incredibly complex process."
Apparently it doesn't take them for too long to absorb the movements that match basic sounds. By their 1st birthdays, little ones start shifting back to look you in the eye again - unless they hear the unfamiliar sounds of an unfamiliar language. Then, they continue with lip-reading for a longer period.
"It's a pretty intriguing finding," says University of Iowa psychology professor Bob McMurray, who also studies speech development. The babies "know what they need to know about, and they're able to deploy their attention to what's important at that point in development."
The new study appears in this week's issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. It gives you more facts that quality face-time with your tot is very important for speech development - more than, say, turning on the latest baby DVD.
It also begs the question of whether children who turn out to have developmental disorders, including autism, learn to speak the same way, or if they show differences that just might provide an early warning sign.
Unraveling how babies learn to speak isn't merely a curiosity. Neuroscientists want to know how to encourage that process, especially if it doesn't seem to be happening on time. Plus, it helps them understand how the brain wires itself early in life for learning all kinds of things.
Those coos of early infancy start changing around age six months time, growing into the syllables of the baby's native language until the first word comes forth, usually just before age one.
A lot of research has centered on the audio side. That sing-song speech that parents intuitively use? Scientists know the pitch attracts babies' attention, and the rhythm exaggerates key sounds. Other studies have shown that babies who are best at distinguishing between vowel sounds like "ah" and "ee" shortly before their 1st birthday wind up with better vocabularies and pre-reading skills by kindergarten.
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